For ISB’s 2015 Annual Report, we begin with “ISB & Tipping Points” from our President Dr. Lee Hood. He describes the six paradigm shifts that mark his career, the most recent of which is bringing P4 medicine to Providence Health & Services and the U.S. healthcare system. Dr. Hood makes a compelling case that ISB’s leadership in the arena of scientific wellness will engender vast opportunities for innovation.
In our commitment to catalyzing a new sustainable future, our Director and Senior Vice President Dr. Nitin Baliga and his colleagues are tackling questions about the environment’s ability to support a global population spike to 10 billion people. Dr. Baliga addresses some of the complex, pressing issues and how his team has begun to make an impact.
The belief that we must transfer our knowledge to the public and champion equitable access to quality science education is so intrinsic to ISB that we have known no other way. In 2015, we began a partnership to grow our impact beyond K-12 school districts into community college-level instruction. Dr. Jen Eklund shares some of the successes in that crucial work.
ISB’s generous supporters have made all the difference in how we diversify our funding sources. Our Director of Development Nick Newcombe offers a report on the Wilke Cohen Lyme Disease Project, which has received $6.3 million in gifts and pledges.
– Malcolm Gladwell, The Tipping Point
I participated in six major changes in biology - from bringing engineering to biology in the 1970s to, in 2016, bringing medicine that is predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4 Medicine) to the U.S. healthcare system. This change, the most recent ISB tipping point, is the result an affiliation between Institute for Systems Biology and Providence Health & Services.
Major advances in science and technology from 1970 through the 1990s led to the creation of ISB in 2000. In the 1970s when I was at Caltech, we began to understand that big science requires not just biologists but also chemists, engineers, and other types of scientists. The Human Genome Project was the first successful application of the concept of big science and, in the 1990s, these concepts were further advanced by the establishment of the cross-disciplinary Department of Molecular Biology at the University of Washington.
In 2000, three well-established senior scientists departed from their conventional and cloistered academic careers. They started a non-profit research organization – ISB – dedicated to pioneering the emerging discipline of systems biology – which entails a global or holistic approach to deciphering the complexities of biology and disease.
ISB was launched with the conviction that leading-edge systems biology would require the development of new technologies and systems-driven strategies to more effectively generate data and explore untapped areas of data space in living organisms (molecules, cells, organs, individuals). This also required developing the analytical tools to capture, standardize, analyze, integrate and model these data to reveal deep insights into biological and disease mechanisms. ISB strongly believes that these technologies, data and analytical tools should be made widely available to the scientific community in a timely manner – a policy of open data and open software.
ISB defined systems biology and catalyzed a revolution in how biology is done. In 2000, ISB was the first institute devoted to systems biology. Today, there are more than 100 systems biology centers, institutes and departments worldwide. Systems approaches are recognized throughout the life sciences as key to unraveling the complexities of biology and disease.
To achieve our vision of systems biology, we created a cross-disciplinary environment, bringing together biologists, chemists, computer scientists, engineers, mathematicians, physicists and academic physicians in close proximity at ISB. They learned one another’s languages and how to effectively work together in teams.
Working collaboratively across disciplines enables leading-edge biology to drive the development of relevant technologies. In turn, the resulting data can catalyze the pioneering of analytical tools. Thus, a fundamental mantra of ISB is “biology drives technologies and technologies drive analytical tools.” When these are seamlessly integrated around a biological challenge, game-changing concepts, technologies and analytical tools emerge and catalyze both scientific discovery and innovation.
ISB has played a major role in conceptualizing and reducing to practice a variety of new concepts in biology and medicine:
The complexity of biology led to the distinction between big vs. small science. Small science is generally a single investigator and a laboratory group working on a very discrete and focused problem (e.g. what does the cancer molecule P53 do?).
On the contrary, complex biological challenges often require an integrative and coordinated “big science” strategy that includes a systems-driven approach to attacking a difficult problem, combined with a cross-disciplinary environment of scientists and engineers that can take on the many different dimensions of the challenge. Big science also requires the integration of technologies, diverse types of data and appropriate analytical tools. Big science must be driven by an integrated vision, milestones and appropriate timelines.
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was biology’s first “big science” project – and the largest single undertaking in the history of biological science. The HGP provided a vision and a roadmap for success, which included generating technologies essential for scaling up the sequencing and related analyses, assembly of a global, cross-disciplinary team of scientists, and a laser-focused execution of that vision. The combined elements enabled the scientific community to bring the human genome sequence to society faster than anyone thought possible. The HGP transformed virtually every aspect of the life sciences.
ISB has successfully employed these approaches for a wide variety of big science problems that has enabled ISB to transform the global understanding of human diseases and to pioneer the emerging sector of scientific wellness.
Some examples:
Since ISB’s inception, a fundamental principle has been our commitment for all scientists to transfer the useful and relevant knowledge they gain to society. In this regard we have:
ISB has a very flat organization, little bureaucracy, focused leadership and an excellent administrative staff. Decisions can be made rapidly in order to take on big and small projects.
ISB has made important advances in technology. ISB has pioneered:
ISB has also pioneered a series of systems-driven strategies:
ISB enters into strategic partnerships with government, industry and philanthropy that:
In 2008, ISB began a five-year strategic partnership with the nation of Luxembourg – to bring biotechnology and healthcare to the newly founded University of Luxembourg in the form of a new Center for Systems Biomedicine, which today is one of the leading such institutes in Europe. In return, Luxembourg provided ISB $100 million over five years to invent the technologies and strategies of systems (P4) medicine. This funding generated 10 new technologies and systems-driven strategies, and allowed ISB to explore the patient data space in powerful and innovative new ways.
The ten new technologies and strategies developed by the Luxembourg partnership placed ISB at a tipping point in systems medicine and allowed us to explore patient data space in powerful and innovative new ways.
In 2014, ISB partnered with Maveron, a consumer-only venture firm to conduct the Hundred Person Wellness Project, a 10-month scientific study on 108 individuals. Dense, dynamic, personal data clouds were generated for each individual from whole genome sequences, clinical chemistries, metabolites and proteins from blood obtained every three months, gut microbiome bacterial quantification from stool samples every three months and quantified-self measurements for activity and sleep quality from a Fitbit.
These data were analyzed and integrated for each individual, and through behavioral coaching, actionable recommendations were made to the participants to optimize their wellness or avoid disease. Seventy percent of the participants were compliant with the coaching recommendations. The data, on a de-identified basis, have been transformational in providing insights both into human biology and disease. We termed this transformational approach “scientific wellness.”
In July, 2015, in partnership with venture firms ARCH Venture Partners, Polaris Partners and Maveron, ISB co-founded Arivale, a consumer-focused, scientific wellness company.
We believe Arivale will create an entirely new thrust in healthcare – scientific wellness. It is our view that in a 10- to 15-year period, the market cap of the scientific wellness sector will far exceed that of the current healthcare (or disease care) industry.
With the goal of bringing P4 medicine to every patient, Providence Health & Services and ISB affiliated in April 2016. Together ISB and Providence will transform healthcare to a proactive mode that is focused on keeping patients well and identifying the earliest opportunities to reverse or even prevent disease.
This exciting new relationship will enable ISB to expand its research capacity during the next few years and recruit outstanding new faculty in the areas of systems biology, technology development, data and analytics, and translational medicine. Further, it will enable us for the first time ever to apply ISB-driven systems approaches for optimizing wellness and minimizing disease to patient care.
We will combine our basic research with the clinical expertise at Providence, bringing P4 medicine directly to the patient’s bedside through an initial four translational pillars, each employing the platform of dense, dynamic, de-identified personal data clouds:
With each of these translational pillars, we will employ innovative approaches made possible by ISB’s new technologies, systems-driven strategies and new conceptual approaches.
The affiliation between ISB and Providence will bring systems medicine that is predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) to a major health system and ultimately to U.S. healthcare more broadly.
ISB has opened the possibility of transforming some of society’s most challenging problems by:
Scientific wellness will create a new healthcare industry and – if Washington State or the U.S. is the center of this industry, as it is now, it will provide enormous economic benefits and possibilities for innovation.
As the cost of scientific wellness diminishes significantly (just as the cost of DNA sequencing has diminished by a million-fold over the course of about 12 years), then we can bring this opportunity to the poor as well as the rich nations of the world, leading to a democratization of healthcare unimaginable even a few years ago.
Recall once again Gladwell’s opening quote: “The tipping point is that magic moment when an idea, trend, or social behavior crosses a threshold, tips, and spreads like wildfire.”
From my vantage point, it is fair to say that ISB has catalyzed many tipping points – some of which have spread like wildfire. So the future will continue to see the evolution of ISB-catalyzed tipping points, and it will be fascinating to determine just how long some of the most interesting take to spread like wildfire.
| Revenues | $ |
% |
|---|---|---|
| Grants & Contract Revenue | 25,081 |
70.2 |
| Contributions | 4,465 |
12.5 |
| Investment & Other Income | 6,188 |
17.3 |
| Total Revenues | 35,734 |
100.0 |
| Expenditures | $ |
|
| Research & Other Direct Costs | 24,894 |
|
| Management & General | 11,862 |
|
| Fundraising & Other | 153 |
|
| Total Expenditures | 36,909 |
|
| Decrease in Net Assets | (1,175) |
| Assets | $ |
|---|---|
| Cash & Investments | 16,816 |
| Other Assets | 13,462 |
| Property & Equipment (Net) | 8,662 |
| Total Assets | 38,940 |
| Liabilities | $ |
| Accounts Payable & Accrued Expenses | 13,624 |
| Deferred Revenues | 3,024 |
| Notes Payable | 7,782 |
| Total Liabilities | 24,430 |
| Net Assets | $ |
| Unrestricted Net Assets | (1,373) |
| Temporarily Restricted Net Assets | 7,211 |
| Permanently Restricted Net Assets | 8,672 |
| Total Net Assets | 14,510 |
A human crisis of unprecedented proportions is in the making. Diminishing arable land, water shortage and expected population growth to 10 billion portend a catastrophic food security crisis by 2030. This threat requires a dramatic reduction of the environmental footprint of agricultural practices. A paradigm shift to the food supply chain is necessary to meet an expected 70 percent or more increase in food demand.
Advances in precision agriculture and the development of higher-yielding, disease-resistant crops are addressing a number of these issues. For example, there are technologies to minimize the application of pesticides and fertilizers and optimize water usage. But these advances alone will not cut it. Even with improvements in the efficiency of water usage, it is estimated that there will be about a 30 percent shortage in water supply by 2030. Agriculture alone will require approximately 4.5 trillion cubic meters of water, but the total supply of fresh water is just 4.2 trillion cubic meters – and this does not take into account home and industrial water needs. Shrinking arable land due to desertification and salination, and projected water shortages, both exacerbated by climate change, are threatening food security. This is a multi-scale systems problem that will require concerted advances in technologies for sustainable production of food, as well as responsible consumption of natural resources and food.
ISB launched Project Feed 1010 (1010=10 billion) to catalyze this paradigm shift and create a new sustainable agriculture economy. PF1010 is pioneering a crowd-sourced network of scientists, teachers, students and farmers to optimize aquaponics – a sustainable food production solution that combines aquaculture (fish farming) and hydroponics (growing plants in water) to support year-round crop production with up to 90 percent less water usage than conventional agriculture. This project aims to make scientific breakthroughs for scaling up sustainable agriculture while transforming STEM education to generate a massive workforce and entrepreneurs for a new economy. We dream of a future where every unused urban space is repurposed for sustainable food production, where everyone is a citizen scientist, and we are all prosumers (producers + consumers) in a smart food supply chain.
This is an audacious and bold vision that requires an approach that is rapidly scalable and one that integrates education, research and farming – nationally and internationally. PF1010 is developing a network of educators, farmers and scientists to coordinate and leverage simultaneous advancements in teaching and curriculum development, research and innovation, and agricultural practices.
We recognized the importance of targeting high school students, because nearly 47 percent of mid-scale jobs, most of which require a high-school diploma, are predicted to be at high risk of being replaced by technology and automation. By targeting this segment of the population, we could create awareness of the food security crisis, its underlying causes and potential solutions, and simultaneously address the massive unemployment crisis by preparing these students to enter the workforce in the sustainable agricultural economy of the future. In just one year of existence, PF1010 has created an international network that has made tremendous, impactful contributions toward training hundreds of teachers and students across the United States and beyond, while engaging students across high schools, skill centers, colleges and universities in the development of key components of the education and research infrastructure.
PF1010 is laying the foundation for a sustainable future. A new paradigm is emerging. By engaging students in the development of solutions for real-world problems we are transforming them into producers, and not just consumers of knowledge. More importantly, the students are directly involved in innovating new solutions to a complex problem that threatens us all: creating proficient and creative problem solvers who are prepared to immediately participate in the workforce of a new sustainable economy they are helping create.
The paradigm shifts in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields are leading to abounding opportunities for STEM careers and a need for all people to have STEM literacy to participate in decisions that affect their own health, the health of their communities and the health of our environment.
Shifting paradigms in classrooms is challenging and STEM educators need support to integrate adjustments that reflect the profound changes in STEM fields.
In 2015, ISB’s Logan Center for Education continued to play an important role in leading our region to provide educators with the knowledge and resources to inspire paradigm shifts in science classrooms. Those shifts include implementing new standards in math and science, integrating engineering into science learning, and developing quantitative reasoning skills that students will need in all STEM careers of the future.
Sixth grade science teachers in the Renton school district worked with a biologist from the University of Washington to explore local phenomena that would support students to engage their curiosity and explore the characteristics of living things. Middle school science teachers in the Renton School district partnered with the Logan Center for Education to continue the implementation of Washington State’s new science standards.
The new standards push students beyond memorizing facts and “cookbook” experiments; they ask students to think, behave and interact as scientists and engineers do. This new perspective in the classroom allows students in the Renton School District to be the STEM professionals and STEM literate citizens of the future.
This year, elementary, middle and high school teachers from the Marysville school district worked with the Logan Center team and engineers from the University of Washington and Edmonds College to develop a suite of experiences and lessons like this. Students in Marysville are learning that engineering is more than tinkering; engineering requires an understanding of science to address real-world problems.
At Lower Columbia College, non-major biology students wrestled with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas project to develop a deeper understanding of the role of gene regulation in cancer. The assignment gave students a sense of the landscape of contemporary biological research exemplified by ISB and asked students to begin the practice of using quantitative reasoning (QR) and systems thinking skills that have not traditionally been part of undergraduate biology courses.
Through its partnership with Washington’s State Board of Community and Technical Colleges, the Logan Center has strategically expanded its education work to the postsecondary level in 2015. This partnership uniquely applies the Logan Center’s knowledge and experience of educator professional development with ISB scientists expertise in contemporary biology. The work supports community and technical college faculty to make instructional shifts to include QR skills comprised of accessing data (big data and multi-scale data), analyzing and interpreting data (mathematics and statistics, computational modeling, and simulation), and organizing and communicating data (for visualization, presentation, and publication) in their courses. Students in these courses will be better prepared for STEM careers that rely increasingly on QR skills.
– Liesl Wilke
In 2015, ISB embarked on a comprehensive study of Lyme disease, which is a highly complex and often misdiagnosed disease that can be debilitating for those who do not respond to a standard course of antibiotics. This important research was spearheaded by Liesl and Jeff Wilke and their magnanimous gifts. Since then, thanks to their generosity and that of the Steven & Alexandra Cohen Foundation, Jeff and MacKenzie Bezos, and the Bay Area Lyme Foundation, the project has received a total of $6.3 million.
The Wilke Cohen Lyme Disease Project is a three-year study that is leveraging the tools and technologies of systems biology to understand the fundamentals of Lyme, identify biomarkers, and gain insights about the genomics and proteomics of the infecting Borrelia organism. Of the research on Lyme disease currently under way in the U.S., ISB’s Wilke Cohen Lyme Disease Project is one of the most prolifically funded by private philanthropy.
– Alexandra Cohen
| $100,000+ |
|---|
| Jeff and MacKenzie Bezos |
| William K. Bowes, Jr. Foundation |
| Lee Hood and Valerie Logan |
| Douglas Howe and Robin DuBrin |
| Roger M. Perlmutter |
| Dave and Sandra Sabey |
| Liesl and Jeff Wilke |
| $25,000 - $99,999 |
|---|
| Dalio Foundation, Inc. |
| Franklin and Catherine Johnson |
| Drew and Noni Senyei |
| $10,000 - $24,999 |
|---|
| Janet Levinger and William Poole |
| $2,500 - $9,999 |
|---|
| Amgen, Inc. |
| The Boeing Company |
| Bill and Paula Clapp Fund |
| Fenwick & West LLP |
| HomeStreet Bank |
| Intellectual Ventures, Inc. |
| KeyBank |
| Kilroy Realty Corporation |
| Dan Ling and Lee Obrzut |
| Peter McCormick and Kathleen Albrecht |
| Muckleshoot Charity Fund |
| Robert T. Nelsen |
| Novo Nordisk, Inc. |
| Gil Omenn and Martha Darling |
| Omeros Corporation |
| Ron and Sara Seubert |
| Silicon Valley Community Foundation |
| TD's of Clemson, Inc. |
| Janine Terrano |
| Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. |
| Aron and Sara Thompson |
| Tulalip Tribes Charitable Contributions |
| Brian Turner and Susan Hoffman |
| Washington Research Foundation |
| Adam J. Weissman |
| Mary Woolley |
| Timothy Zenk and Perrin Kaplan |
| Anonymous |
| $1,000 - $2,499 |
|---|
| John and Leslie Aitchison |
| Marne Anderson |
| Nitin Baliga and Janet Ceballos |
| Carolynne Bryant-Dowdy |
| Suzie Burke |
| Jane and Terry Chadsey |
| Cockrum Family Charitable Fund |
| Lisa B. Cohen |
| Christopher and Stephanie Daley-Watson |
| Dee Dickinson |
| Carole Ellison |
| Myron and Sue Hood |
| Jim and Sherry Ladd |
| Marie Mentor |
| Craig and Marie Mundie |
| Nick Newcombe |
| Dana Riley Black and Ben Black |
| John and Mary Ann Romeril |
| Gene and Carol Sharratt |
| Erich C. Strauss |
| Sheryl and Pack Suchoknand |
| Thomas Weingarten and Wendy Thon |
| Ger van den Engh |
| $500 - $999 |
|---|
| Arne and Mary Anderson |
| Stephen D. Arnold |
| Katherine Barnett and David Badders |
| Arvind Baliga |
| Terry Bergeson |
| David J. Burman |
| Marjorie B. Chadsey |
| Mary Alice Heuschel |
| Allen and Nancy Jones |
| Inyoul Lee and Myungkee Min |
| B Lippit and Liz Van Volkenburgh |
| Claudia and Adam Ludwig |
| Tony Marshall |
| Douglas M. McCracken |
| John R. O’Halloran |
| Nathan and Brenda Price |
| Carmie Puckett-Robinson |
| Ann M. Stephens |
| Ann Stevens |
| Tayloe Washburn and Deborah Winter |
| Fred and Ann Whitney Family |
| $250 - $499 |
|---|
| David Abbott |
| Bob Alexander and Kathleen Devon |
| Anthony J. Cavalieri, II |
| JoAnn Chrisman |
| Roy and Mary Currence |
| Maud Daudon |
| Phillip Day |
| Jennifer and Matt Donelan |
| Caitlin Echelbarger |
| Patricia W. Gaillard |
| Corinne and Russell Hagen |
| Geof Hamlin |
| Rebecca E. Jansson |
| Kim and Ralph Klinke |
| Hilde Cheroutre and Mitchell Kronenberg |
| Sarah Li |
| Cammi Libby |
| Marcie and Steve Maxwell |
| Cindy McCall |
| Chun M. Ng |
| Victor Ng |
| Lourdes Orive |
| Ronald G. Payne |
| Judith Peacock |
| Maurice J. Pirio |
| Harmon H. Rulifson |
| Kathy Scanlan |
| Cynthia Shumate |
| Judith L. Siders |
| Todd Smith and Sandra Porter |
| Gretchen Sorensen |
| Bob Sotak |
| James and Fawn Spady |
| Paula Stokes |
| Susan M. Talton |
| Qiang Tian and Danbin Xu |
| K. Allyn Tolmie |
| Washington STEM |
| $150 - $249 |
|---|
| Arthur D. Becker |
| Becky Beers |
| Becky Birch |
| Jim Black |
| Sissy and Tom Bouchard |
| Tom and Barbara Cable |
| Jan Chalupny |
| Patti J. Dill |
| Leonard T. Garfield |
| Richard Gelinas |
| Michael Golden |
| Roger B. Gulrajani |
| Linda Haugen |
| Barb Jagels |
| Robert C. Jernigan |
| Jeremy Johnson |
| John Kapernick |
| Sid and Heather Logan |
| Caroline Maillard |
| Erin M. McCallum |
| Gloria and George Northcroft |
| Carl and Carole Scandella |
| David Schaefer and Pat Moriarty |
| Ellen Shockro |
| Sally Goetz Shuler |
| Donald M. Tolmie |
| Washington Alliance for Better Schools |
| Elaine and Larry Woo |
| Anonymous |
| $50 to $149 |
|---|
| Patricia H. Aitken |
| AmazonSmile Foundation |
| Seth A. Ament |
| Mary M. Aronen |
| D. Robert Ayers |
| Lisa M. Barbee |
| Armandino Batali |
| Julie Bletz |
| Mary Brunkow |
| Anthony A. Byrd |
| Marni A. Campbell |
| Richard J. Cavallaro |
| Michael C. Cavallaro |
| George Chadick |
| Monica A. Chandler |
| Hsiao-Ching Chou |
| Kevin Q. Costanza |
| Brenda Crumpler |
| Diane K. Del Chiaro |
| Svetlana Dimovski |
| Robert A. Dinning |
| William A. Dow |
| Mary Kay Dugan |
| Campbell E. Enarson |
| Stephen A. Eraker |
| Marion S. Fall |
| Rose Ann and Charles Finkel |
| Mary Fox |
| L. Bryan Gibson |
| Lena Glennon |
| Richard C. Grove |
| Kevin J. Hamilton |
| Lori J. Hansen |
| Carl L. Higginbotham |
| Jane B. Homesley |
| Yingzhi Z. Huang |
| Matthew W. Hubbard |
| A. Sherrill Hudspeth |
| Kathlyn Huson |
| Francis M. James, IV |
| Judith B. Jennison |
| L. Andrew Koman |
| Roseann M. London |
| MaryBee and Bob Longabaugh |
| Karen J. Manuel |
| Daniel W. Mathis |
| John McLaughlin |
| Bernard W. Miner, Jr. |
| Bev and Dan Morrow |
| Antoine Nahra |
| Lewis H. Nelson, III |
| Operation Stand Down Tennessee |
| Steven J. Oscherwitz |
| Sandra M. Ouellette |
| $50 to $149 (continued) |
|---|
| Erlinda Partridge |
| J. Greg Perkins |
| Deborah L. Person |
| Betty C. Petree |
| Shizhen Qin |
| Paula Rees |
| Roger H. Ressmeyer |
| Anne W. Richards |
| Kristin E. Ritter |
| Abbie McLean Roberts |
| Gregory Rosenthal |
| Raymond C. Roy |
| John C. Schaefer |
| Norm Fox and Tracy Schmitz |
| John A. Schukar |
| Myrle G. Scripps |
| The Seattle Foundation |
| Darrel L. Seibert |
| Taunya R. Sell |
| Devon Sharp |
| Martin Shelton |
| Fern Shierson |
| Christine Silva |
| Herbert Spaugh, Jr. |
| Mark A. Stensager |
| Kathleen M. Stilwell |
| Bingyun Sun |
| Michael H. Tibbits |
| Julie and Joe Tilton |
| Alexander Y. Tokman |
| Suzie Tolmie |
| Brandon Treen |
| Kelly Tremblay |
| Mia Tuan |
| Josefina M. Vallarta |
| Valerie Voss |
| Maureen Wall |
| Mark E. Wilkins |
| Anonymous (2) |
| Up to $49 |
|---|
| John W. Arzonico |
| Debbie Baird |
| J. Christopher Bare |
| Shawn Behling |
| Amy L. Bergin |
| John C.P. Boylan |
| Aaron Brooks |
| Bryan Carnes |
| Cora H. Chadick |
| Kay Chinn |
| Sandra Crabtree |
| Anita V. Crofts |
| Jessica Day |
| Sam H. Dorsett, Jr. |
| Mary and Martin Ensley |
| James R. Evans |
| Shelley A. Fugitt |
| Michal Galdzicki |
| Anita P. Griffin |
| Amber N. Hageman |
| James A. Hallock, Sr. |
| Jesse Hunter |
| Russel H. Ingram |
| Rebecca A. Johnson |
| Alisa Johnson |
| Steve Koh |
| Jesse Kruchoski |
| Allison Kudla |
| Bria Lange |
| Joan Leonard |
| Mending Hearts, Inc. |
| Up to $49 (continued) |
|---|
| Victoria Neer |
| Deborah Nelson |
| Conor O'Neil |
| Arvind S. Patil |
| Joey Petosa |
| Kathy Petosa |
| Robert G. Piper |
| David Reeves |
| Andrew Riddle |
| Michaela C. Ritter |
| Keri Salemme |
| Diego Martinez Salvanha |
| Carlos Orellana Sanchez |
| Kelly Shepardson |
| Zachary J. Simon |
| Rita A. Simpson |
| Rebecca A. Staffel |
| Brenda Sullivan |
| Rhonda N. Sweat |
| Anne Thompson |
| Pamela Troisch |
| Serdar Turkarslan |
| Victoria VanBruinisse |
| Jake Valenzuela |
| Phu T. Van |
| Welcome Home Ministries |
| Katherine Weybright |
| Jason M. Winget |
| Amanda Wood |
| Wei-Ju Wu |
| Pavel Zrazhevskiy |
| Anonymous (2) |
David A. Sabey
Chairman of the board
Brady Bernard, PhD
Eric Deutsch, PhD
Richard Gelinas, PhD
Nathan Goodman, PhD
Andrew Keller, PhD
Theo Knijnenburg, PhD
Ulrike Kusebauch, PhD
Inyoul Lee, PhD
Chris Plaisier, PhD
Shizhen Qin, PhD
David Reiss, PhD
Sheila Reynolds, PhD
Jared Roach, MD, PhD
Lee Rowen, PhD
Arian Smit, PhD
